1：IMF 第八条款

　　主要内容有：
1.对国际经常往来的付款和资金转移不得施加限制；
2.不施行歧视性货币措施或多种货币汇率；
3.在另一成员国要求下，随时有义务换回对方在经常往来中所结存的本国货币。
第八条款原版英文：
Article VIII - General Obligations of Members
Section 1. Introduction
In addition to the obligations assumed under other articles of this Agreement, each member undertakes the obligations set out in this Article.
Section 2. Avoidance of restrictions on current payments
(a) Subject to the provisions of Article VII, Section 3(b) and Article XIV, Section 2, no member shall, without the approval of the Fund, impose restrictions on the making of payments and transfers for current international transactions.
(b) Exchange contracts which involve the currency of any member and which are contrary to the exchange control regulations of that member maintained or imposed consistently with this Agreement shall be unenforceable in the territories of any member. In addition, members may, by mutual accord, cooperate in measures for the purpose of making the exchange control regulations of either member more effective, provided that such measures and regulations are consistent with this Agreement.
Section 3. Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices
No member shall engage in, or permit any of its fiscal agencies referred to in Article V, Section 1 to engage in, any discriminatory currency arrangements or multiple currency practices, whether within or outside margins under Article IV or prescribed by or under Schedule C, except as authorized under this Agreement or approved by the Fund. If such arrangements and practices are engaged in at the date when this Agreement enters into force, the member concerned shall consult with the Fund as to their progressive removal unless they are maintained or imposed under Article XIV, Section 2, in which case the provisions of Section 3 of that Article shall apply.
Section 4. Convertibility of foreign-held balances
(a) Each member shall buy balances of its currency held by another member if the latter, in requesting the purchase, represents:
(i)
that the balances to be bought have been recently acquired as a result of current transactions; or
(ii)
that their conversion is needed for making payments for current transactions.
The buying member shall have the option to pay either in special drawing rights, subject to Article XIX, Section 4, or in the currency of the member making the request.
(b) The obligation in (a) above shall not apply when:
(i)
the convertibility of the balances has been restricted consistently with Section 2 of this Article or Article VI, Section 3;
(ii)
the balances have accumulated as a result of transactions effected before the removal by a member of restrictions maintained or imposed under Article XIV, Section 2;
(iii)
the balances have been acquired contrary to the exchange regulations of the member which is asked to buy them;
(iv)
the currency of the member requesting the purchase has been declared scarce under Article VII, Section 3(a); or
(v)
the member requested to make the purchase is for any reason not entitled to buy currencies of other members from the Fund for its own currency.
Section 5. Furnishing of information
(a) The Fund may require members to furnish it with such information as it deems necessary for its activities, including, as the minimum necessary for the effective discharge of the Funds duties, national data on the following matters:
(i)
official holdings at home and abroad of (1) gold, (2) foreign exchange;
(ii)
holdings at home and abroad by banking and financial agencies, other than official agencies, of (1) gold, (2) foreign exchange;
(iii)
production of gold;
(iv)
gold exports and imports according to countries of destination and origin;
(v)
total exports and imports of merchandise, in terms of local currency values, according to countries of destination and origin;
(vi)
international balance of payments, including (1) trade in goods and services, (2) gold transactions, (3) known capital transactions, and (4) other items;
(vii)
international investment position, i.e., investments within the territories of the member owned abroad and investments abroad owned by persons in its territories so far as it is possible to furnish this information;
(viii)
national income;
(ix)
price indices, i.e., indices of commodity prices in wholesale and retail markets and of export and import prices;
(x)
buying and selling rates for foreign currencies;
(xi)
exchange controls, i.e., a comprehensive statement of exchange controls in effect at the time of assuming membership in the Fund and details of subsequent changes as they occur; and
(xii)
where official clearing arrangements exist, details of amounts awaiting clearance in respect of commercial and financial transactions, and of the length of time during which such arrears have been outstanding.
(b) In requesting information the Fund shall take into consideration the varying ability of members to furnish the data requested. Members shall be under no obligation to furnish information in such detail that the affairs of individuals or corporations are disclosed. Members undertake, however, to furnish the desired information in as detailed and accurate a manner as is practicable and, so far as possible, to avoid mere estimates.
(c) The Fund may arrange to obtain further information by agreement with members. It shall act as a centre for the collection and exchange of information on monetary and financial problems, thus facilitating the preparation of studies designed to assist members in developing policies which further the purposes of the Fund.
Section 6. Consultation between members regarding existing international agreements
Where under this Agreement a member is authorized in the special or temporary circumstances specified in the Agreement to maintain or establish restrictions on exchange transactions, and there are other engagements between members entered into prior to this Agreement which conflict with the application of such restrictions, the parties to such engagements shall consult with one another with a view to making such mutually acceptable adjustments as may be necessary. The provisions of this Article shall be without prejudice to the operation of Article VII, Section 5.
Section 7. Obligation to collaborate regarding policies on reserve assets
Each member undertakes to collaborate with the Fund and with other members in order to ensure that the policies of the member with respect to reserve assets shall be consistent with the objectives of promoting better international surveillance of international liquidity and making the special drawing right the principal reserve asset in the international monetary system.
参见：

　　2：国际货币基金组织第八条款

　　国际货币基金组织第八条款包括:(1)未经基金组织同意,成员国不得对贸易、非贸易等国际收支经常项目下的支付和资金转移加以限制；（2）不得采用歧视性的差别汇率或多重汇率制；（3）对于其它成员国在经常性往来中积存的本国货币，在对方为支付其经常性往来而要求兑换时，成员国应该用黄金或对方货币换回本币

　　3：我国接受国际货币基金第八条义务其核心内容是什么

　　按照国际货币基金组织（IMF）的定义，一国若能实现经常账户下的货币自由兑换，该国货币就被列入可兑换货币。由于自由兑换的条款集中出现在基金组织协定的第8条，所以货币自由兑换的国家又被称为“第8条款国”。
具体而言，自由兑换的要求集中出现在基金组织协定的第8条的第2、3、4款，其内容为：
（1）避免对经常性支付或转移的限制。个会员国未经国际货币基金组织的同意，不得对国际经常往来的付款和资金专业实施汇兑限制。（2）不得实施歧视性货币措施或多重汇率措施。（3）兑付外国持有的本国货币。任何一个成员国都有义务购回其他成员国所持有的本国货币结存，只需兑换的国家能证明这种结存是由最近的经常性交易所获得，或者这种兑换是为了支付经常性交易所需要的。

　　4：国际货币基金协定第八条款简介

　　按照国际货币基金组织（IMF）的定义，一国若能实现经常账户下的货币自由兑换，该国货币就被列入可兑换货币。由于自由兑换的条款集中出现在基金组织协定的第8条，所以货币自由兑换的国家又被称为“第8条款国”。
具体而言，自由兑换的要求集中出现在基金组织协定的第8条的第2、3、4款，其内容为：
（1）避免对经常性支付或转移的限制。个会员国未经国际货币基金组织的同意，不得对国际经常往来的付款和资金专业实施汇兑限制。（2）不得实施歧视性货币措施或多重汇率措施。（3）兑付外国持有的本国货币。任何一个成员国都有义务购回其他成员国所持有的本国货币结存，只需兑换的国家能证明这种结存是由最近的经常性交易所获得，或者这种兑换是为了支付经常性交易所需要的。

　　5：【金融】中国是国际货币基金组织的哪种成员国

　　以下为《国际货币基金协定》第八条规定： 成为《国际货币基金协定》中第八条会员国，是一国实现经常项目下货币可兑换的标志。 根据《国际货币基金协定》第八条的规定，如果一国解除了对经常项目下支付转移的限制，实现了经常项目下的货币可兑换，便成为国际货币基金组织第八条会员国。 具体说来，第八条会员国所承担的义务是： 1.居民从国外购买经常项目下的商品和服务所对应的对外支付和资金转移不应受到限制。 2.不得实行歧视性的复汇率制。 3.对其他会员国在经常性往来中积存的本国货币，在对方提出要求后，应无条件地使用换回。 但是，要求兑换的国家应当证明这种积存是由经常性交易获得的，而且这种兑换是为了支付经常性交易。 国际货币基金组织并未要求所有会员国在加入该组织时立即成为第八条会员国。《国际货币基金协定》第十四条做出了一些过渡性安排，允许会员国暂保留一些汇兑限制，但要每年向国际货币基金组织提出报告，并针对取消管制的步骤与时间安排与基金组织进行磋商。 以下摘自国际货币基金组织第八条第2款、第3款、第4款的义务的英文原文：

　　6：《国际货币基金协定》中的哪些规定中的哪些规定具有“软法”的特征

　　美国（>16％投票权）和欧洲（>15％投票权）创建了国际货币基金组织(IMF), 拥有终极否决权，其他国家远远低于10％。因为IMF 的任何政策都必须得到超过85％的投票权批准，只要美国或欧洲任何一个投否决票，世界什么都做不了。
美国和欧洲已经多年应用 IMF 这个 工具来监控和操纵国际货币的世界金融游戏。根据民主标准，这是不公平的金融游戏。因为民主的基本标准是，所有的人都是生而平等，每个人都有相同的投票权。
现有的IMF的投票权需要重新分配，进行革新。投票权计算标准需以国家的人口来算，让它更加民主，更公平。